Sejarah Latar Belakang Lahirnya Partai Bangsa Indonesia (Pbi)

Kelompok Studi Indonesia di Surabaya, menyuarakan aspirasinya melalui surat kabar Soeloech Rakyat Indonesia pada pertengahan tahun 1930. Selanjutnya pada bulan November 1930, kelompok studi Indonesia mengubah namanya menjadi PBI (Partai Bangsa Indonesia).

PBI ialah partai lokal yang berpusat di Surabaya. PBI mendirikan rukun tani yang berhasil meningkatkan kesejahteraan para petani. Kegiatan tersebut mengakibatkan PBI menerima perhatian dari pemerintah kolonial Belanda.

The Indonesan Study Group in Surabaya, voiced its aspiration through Torch of Indonesian People newspaper in the middle of the 1930. Herein-after in November 1930, the Indonesian study group altered its name into the Indonesian Nation Party.

It was a local party which centered in Surabaya. The Indonesian Nation Party founded a harmonious farmer foundation which improved the prosperity of farmers. The activity caused Indonesian Nation Party got attention of the government of the Dutch.

The Indonesian Nation Party had owned 30 branches and 2.500 members in 1932. In the congress which was carried out in 1932, the Indonesian Nation Party specified cooperative, Trade Union, and education as its workplan. While in the 1934 congress in Malang, interisland communication which would be performed through sea transport and strengthened by cooperative was talked about. Besides, the congress would also improve the people education and scouting which was Suryawirawan.

PBI sudah mempunyai 30 cabang dan 2.500 anggota pada tahun 1932. Dalam kongres yang diselenggarakan pada tahun 1932, PBI menetapkan koperasi, Serikat Pekerja, dan Pengajaran sebagai kegiatan kerjanya. Sedangkan dalam kongres tahun 1934 di Malang, dibicarakan komunikasi antarpulau yang sanggup dilakukan melalui pelayaran dan diperkuat dengan koperasi. Selain itu, kongres juga akan meningkatkan pendidikan rakyat dan kepanduan yang didiberi nama Suryawirawan.

A. The Great Indonesian Party/Partai Indonesia Raya (Parindra) 

The Great Indonesian Party aimed to make Indonesia august and verfect. In its first congress in May 1937 in Jakata, the party decided to behave cooperative and the members who were in the council had to fixed loyal to.the party. K.R.MH.Wuryaningrat was elected to replace Sutomo as chairman of the Great Indonesian Party. He emphasized to improve the people eco nomics, unemployment, labor, poverty, jurisdiction, and others.

Partai Indonesia Raya (Parindra) bertujuan untuk menimbulkan Indonesia mulia dan sempurna. Dalam kongresnya yang pertama pada bulan Mei 1937 di Jakarta, Parindra menetapkan untuk bersikap kooperatifdan anggota yang ada dalam dewan harus tetap loyal pada partainya. K.R.M.H. Wuryaningrat terpilih untuk menggantikan Sutomo sebagai ketua Parindra. Ia menekankan untuk memperbaiki ekonomi rakyat, pengangguran, perburuhan, kemiskinan, peradilan, dan lain-lain.

M. Husni Thamrin, Sukarjo Wiryapranoto, who were the board of the Great Indonesian Party had motivated the party to become the most power-ful nationa.l party at that moment. Caused by the difference of struggle principle, the Great Indonesian Party always dissented with the Indonesian Islamic Union which represented the Islamic party which was non-cooperative.

M. Husni Thamrin, Sukarjo Wiryapranoto, yang ialah pengurus Parindra sudah mendorong partai tersebut menjadi partai nasional terkuat pada dikala itu. Karena adanya perbedaan prinsip perjuangan, Parindra selalu berselisih paham dengan PSI yang ialah partai Islam yang bersifat non-kooperatif.

B. The lndonesian People Movement / Gerakan Rakyat Indonesia (Gerindo)

The Indonesian People Movement was founded on May 24, 1937 in Jakarta, of initiative of Drs. A.K. Gani, Mr: Mohammad Yamin, and Mr. Sartono. The movement had cooperative principle, so that its members were permitted to sit in the representative body. The Indonesian People Movement was an international and socialist character which was very firm to fight for democracy.

Gerindo (Gerakan Rakyat Indonesia), didirikan pada tanggal 24 Mei 1937 di Jakarta, atas prakarsa Drs. A.K. Gani, Mr. Mohammad Yamin, dan Mr. Sartono. Gerindo mempunyai asas kooperatif, sehingga para anggotanya diperbolehkan duduk dalam tubuh perwakilan. Gerindo bercorak internasional dan sosialis yang sangat teguh memperjuangkan demokrasi.

Although the Indonesian People Movement had the character of cooperative, but no one of its member in the people council. The Indonesian People Movement performed sweeping of party, and Mul hammad Yamn was dismissed because he was considered disloyal to the Indonesian People Movement. On July 21, 1939, Muhammad Yamin founded a new organization by the name of the Indonesian Unitary Party.

Meskipun Gerindo bersifat kooperatif, tetapi tidak ada satu pun wakilnya yang duduk dalam Dewan Rakyat. Ger indo melaksanakan pemmembersihkanan partai, dan Muhammad Yamin dipecat alasannya ialah dianggap tidak loyal pada Gerindo. Pada tanggal 21 Juli 1939, Muhammad Yamin mendirikan organisasi gres dengan nama Partai Persatuan Indonesia (Parindo).

Sumber Pustaka: Yrama Widya

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